Directions:

Read the following text. Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark ［A］, ［B］, ［C］ or ［D］ on Answer Sheet 1. (10 points)

From childhood to old age, we all use language as a means of broadening our knowledge of ourselves and the world about us. When humans first1, they were like newborn children, unable to use this2tool. Yet once language developed, the possibilities for human kind’s future 3and cultural growth increased.

Many linguists believe that evolution is4for our ability to produce and use language. They5that our highly evolved brain provides us6an innate language ability not found in lower7 . Proponents of this innateness theory say that our8 for language is inborn, but that language itself develops gradually,9 a function of the growth of the brain during childhood. Therefore there are critical 10 times for language development.

Current11 of innateness theory(天生论) are mixed, however, evidence supporting the existence of some innate abilities is undeniable. 12, more and more schools are discovering that foreign languages are best taught in 13grades. Young children often can learn several languages by being14to them, while adults have a much harder time learning another language once the 15of their first language have become firmly fixed.

16some aspects of language are undeniably innate, language does not develop automatically in a vacuum. Children who have been17from other human beings do not possess language. This demonstrates that18with other human beings is necessary for proper language development. Some linguists believe that this is even more basic to human language19 than any innate capacities. These theorists view language as imitative, learned behavior.20, children learn language from their parents by imitating them. Parents gradually shape their child’s language skills by positively reinforcing precise imitations and negatively reinforcing imprecise ones.

1. ［A］ generated［B］ evolved［C］ born ［D］ originated

2. ［A］ valuable ［B］ appropriate ［C］ convenient ［D］ favorite

3. ［A］ attainments ［B］ feasibility［C］ entertainments ［D］ evolution

4. ［A］ essential ［B］ available ［C］ reliable ［D］ responsible

5. ［A］ confirm ［B］ inform ［C］ claim ［D］ convince

6. ［A］ for ［B］ from ［C］ of ［D］ with

7.

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