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生物化学英汉词汇
作者:未知 来源:本站 点击: 时间:2004-11-24

    S

    三级结构                     tertiary structure
    三联体密码                  triplet code
    三链DNA形成脱氧寡核苷酸 triplex-forming oligonucleotide, TFO
    三链技术                     triplex approach
    三羧酸循环                  tricarboxylic acid cycle
    三叶草形                     cloverleaf pattern   
    B沙门氏菌                  B Salmonella  
    鲨烯                     squalene
    鲨烯合酶                     squalene synthase
    筛选                     screening
    上调                     up regulation
    上游因子                     upstream factors
    射线 radiation,RAD
    X射线衍射法                     X-ray diffraction
    神经鞘磷脂                  sphingomyelin
    神经肽                  neuropeptide
    肾上腺素                     epinephrine
    生长因子                     growth factor
    生糖氨基酸                  glucogenic amino acid
    生糖兼生酮氨基酸                     glucogenic and ketogenic amino acid   
    生酮氨基酸                  ketogenic amino acid
    生物胞素                     biocytin
    生物催化剂                  biocatalyst
    生物大分子                  biomacromolecule
    生物化学                     biochemistry
    生物素                  biotin
    生物信息                  bioinformatics
    生物氧化                     biological oxidation
    生物转化                     biotransformation
    a-生育酚当量 a-tocophenol equivalents, a-TE
    生殖细胞                     germ line cell
    石胆酸                  lithocholic acid
    时间特异性                  temporal specificity
    视蛋白                       opsin 
    视黄醇                  retinol    
    视黄醇结合蛋白 retinol binding protein, RBP
    视黄醇磷酸                  retinyl phosphate
    视黄醛                     retinal  
    视黄酸                  retinoic acid
    视网膜母细胞瘤                  retinoblastoma
    饰胶蛋白                     decorin
    释放因子                     release factorRF
    HDL受体                     HDL recepter
    受体                     receptor
    受体调节的SMADs                    receptor-regulated-SMADR-SMADs
    LDL受体相关蛋白       LDL receptor related protein, LRP
    6-疏基嘌呤                6-mercaptopurine 6MP
    鼠伤寒沙门氏杆菌                     salmonella typhimurium
    衰减                     attenuation     
    衰减区域                     attenuator region
    衰减子                  attenuator
    双倒数作图法                     double reciprocal plot
    双链                     duplex
    1,6-双磷酸果糖 1,6-fructose-biphosphateF-16-2P
    双螺旋                  double helix
    双色荧光探针杂交系统                     two-color fluorescent probe hybridization
    双缩脲反应                  biuret reaction
    双向复制                     bidirectional replication
    双性α-螺旋                amphipathicαhelix
    水解酶类                     hydrolases
    水溶性维生素                     water-soluble vitamin
    顺反子                     cistron
    顺式                     cis  
    顺式作用元件                     cis-acting element
    瞬时转染                     transient transfection
    丝氨酸磷脂                  phosphatidyl serine
    丝甘蛋白聚糖                     serglycin
    四级结构                     quaternary structure     
    四膜虫                  tetrahymena
    四氢叶酸 tetrahydrofolic acid, FH4 or THFA
    松弛酶                       relaxing enzyme
    松弛态                  relaxed state
    酸性激活域                  acidic activation domain
    随从链                  lagging strand
    DNA损伤                    DNA damage
    羧基末端                     carboxyl terminal
    羧基末端结构域    carboxyl terminal domain, CTD
    羧基肽酶A                  carboxypeptidase A

    T

              peptide
    肽单元          peptide unit
    -脯氨酰顺反异构酶 peptide prolyl cis-trans isomerase,PPI
    肽核酸 peptide nucleic acid, PNA
    肽酶            peptidase
    肽酰位          peptidyl site
    肽转位复合物            peptide translocation complex
    糖蛋白          glycoprotein
    糖复合物            glycoconjugates
    糖苷键          glycosidic bond
    DNA糖苷酶           DNA glyclsidase
    糖酵解          glycolysis
    糖尿病          hyperglycemia and glucosuria
    糖型            glycoform
    糖异生          gluconeogenesis
    糖异生途径          gluconeogenic pathway
    糖原            glycogen
    糖原储存疾病            glycogen storage disease
    糖原分解            branching enzyme,glycogenolysis
    糖原合酶            glycogen synthase
    糖原累积症          Calmodulin
    套索RNA         lariat RNA
    特异位点重组            site-specific recombination
    特异转录因子            special transcription factors
    体内试验,直接体内疗法          in vivo
    体外试验,试管内            in vitro
    体细胞          somatic cell
    体细胞基因治疗          somatic cell gene therapy
    天冬酰胺            asparagine
    铁硫簇 iron-sulfur cluster, Fe-S
    铁硫蛋白            iron-sulfur protein
    通用性          universal
    同二聚体            homodimer
    同工酶          isoenzyme
    同型半胱氨酸            homocysteine
    同源            homolog
    同源重组            homologous recombination
    3-酮基二氢鞘氨醇            3-ketodihydrosphingosine
    酮体            ketone bodies
    α-酮戊二酸         α- ketoglutatrate
    α-酮戊二酸脱氢酶复合体         α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex
    透明质酸            hyaluronic acid
    透析            dialysis
    突变            mutation
    推荐名称            recommended name
    退火            anneal,annealing
    脱水酶          dehydrase
    脱羧基作用          decarboxylation
    脱羧酶          decarboxyase
    脱氧胞苷            deoxycytidine
    脱氧胞苷酸 deoxycytidine monophosphate, dCMP
    脱氧单磷酸核苷 deoxynucleotide monophosphate,dNMP
    脱氧胆酸            deoxycholic acid
    脱氧核苷            deoxyribonucleoside
    脱氧核苷酸 deoxyribonucleoside monophosphate, dNMP
    脱氧核酶            deoxyribozyme
    脱氧核糖核苷酸          deoxynucleotide
    脱氧核糖核酸            deoxyribonucleic acid,DNA
    脱氧鸟苷            deoxyguanosine
    脱氧鸟苷酸 deoxyguanosine monophosphate, dGMP
    脱氧三磷酸核苷 deoxynucleotide triphosphate,dNTP
    脱氧腺苷            deoxyadenosine
    脱氧腺苷酸 deoxyadenosine monophosphate, dAMP
    脱支酶          glycogen phosphorylase
    DNA拓扑异构酶           DNA topoisomerase
    唾液酸酶            neuraminidase

    W

    外肽酶          exopeptidase
    外显子          exon
    网络系统            network
    DNA微点阵           DNA microarray
    微粒体乙醇氧化系统 microsomal ethanol oxidizing system, MEOS
    微团            micelles
    微纤维          fibril
    DNA微阵列           DNA microarray
    维生素          vitamin
    胃蛋白酶            pepsin
    胃蛋白酶原          pepsinogen
    cDNA文库            cDNA library
    稳定转染            stable transfection
    无规卷曲            random coil
    无嘌呤/嘧啶核苷酸           apurinic/apyuimidinic acids,AP
    物理图          physical map
    物理作图            physical mapping

    X

    吸光率          absorbance,A
    稀有碱基            rare bases
    系统名称            systematic name
    细胞癌基因          cellular-oncogene,c-onc
    细胞色素 cytochrome, Cyt
    细胞色素C           cytochrome C
    细胞色素P450            Cytochrome P450,Cyt P450
    细胞特异性          cell specificity
    细胞外基质          extracellular matrixc,ECM
    细胞周期            cell cycle 
    细胞周期蛋白            cyclin
    细胞周期蛋白依赖激酶 cyclin dependent kinase,CDK
    下调            down regulation
    纤连蛋白 fibronectin, Fn
    纤维蛋白            fibrin
    纤维蛋白溶酶原          plasminogen
    纤维蛋白原          fibrinogen
    酰基载体蛋白 acyl carrier protein, ACP
    显微注射            microinjection
    线粒体DNA mitochondrial DNA, mtDNA
    线粒体孔蛋白            mitochondrial porin
    限速酶          limiting velocity enzymes
    限制性内切核酸酶            restriction endonuclease
    限制性片段长度多态性 restriction fragment length polymorphism, RFLP
    限制–修饰体系          restriction-modification system
    腺病毒          adeno-virus, AV
    腺病毒相关病毒          " adeno-associated virus, AAV
    腺苷            adenosine
    S-腺苷甲硫氨酸         " S-adenosyl methionine, SAM
    腺苷酸环化酶            " adenyl cyclase,adenylate cyclase,AC
    腺苷酸转运蛋白          adenine nucleotide transporter
    腺苷脱氨酶          adenosine deaminase,ADA
    腺嘌呤          adenine,A 
    相变异          phase variation
    相对特异性          relative specificity
    TBP相关因子         " TBP-associated factor, TAF
    相似性          similarity
    相转变          phase variation
    硝基还原酶类            nitroreductase
    硝酸纤维素          " nitrocellulose , NC
    小分子核糖核蛋白体          " small nuclear ribonucleoprotein, snRNP
    小沟            minor groove
    小片段干涉 RNA          small interfering RNA,siRNA
    小叶中心带          centrolobular zone
    校读            proofread
    协调表达            coordinate expression
    协调调节            coordinate regulation
    心磷脂          cardiolipin
    心钠素          " arrionatriuretic peptide, ANP
    cDNA芯片            cDNA chip
    DNA芯片         DNA chip
    锌指结构            zinc finger
    信号肽          signal peptide
    信号肽酶            signal peptidase
    信号序列            signal seguence
    信号转导            signal transduction
    信号转导子和转录激动子          signal transductors and activator of transcription, STAT
    信使RNA         messenger RNA,mRNA
    性细胞基因治疗          germ line gene therapy
        苷            thymidine
    胸苷激酶            " thymidine kinase, TK
    胸苷酸          " thymidine monophosphate, dTMP
    胸苷酸合成酶            thymidylate synthetase
    胸腺嘧啶            thymine,T
    胸腺嘧啶二聚体          thymine dimer
    休眠蛋白            restin
    DNA修复          DNA  repairing 
    序列标志位点            " sequence tagged sites, STSs
    序列子          sequon
    旋转酶          gyrase
    选择            selection
    血胆红素            hemobilirubin
    血管紧张素II            angiotensin II
    血红蛋白            hemoglubin,Hb
    血红素          heme
    血红素加氧酶            heme oxygenase
    血浆            plasma 
    血尿素氮            " blood urea nitrogen, BUN
    血清            serum
    血栓噁烷            " thromboxane A2,TXA2
    血液            blood

    Y

    亚基            subunit
    α-亚麻酸           a-linolenic acid
    亚铁螯合酶          ferrochelatase
    亚油酸          linoleic acid
    烟酰胺          nicotinamide
    延长            elongation
    延长因子            elongation factor,EF
    岩藻糖          " fucose, Fuc
    盐析            salt precipitation 
    氧化还原酶类            oxidoreductases
    氧化磷酸化          oxidative phosphorylation
    氧化型烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸 nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, NAD+
    药物G418            geneticin
    药物基因组            pharmacogenomics
    野生型          wild type
    叶酸            folic acid
    一级结构            primary structure
    一碳单位            one carbon unit
    一氧化氮合酶            nitric oxide synthase (NOS)
    一致性          consensus
    依赖DNA的DNA聚合酶        " DNA-dependent DNA polymerase,DNA-pol
    依赖DNA的RNA聚合酶        " DNA dependent RNA polymerase,RNA-pol
    依赖RNA的DNA聚合酶        RNA dependent DNA polymerase
    cAMP依赖蛋白激酶            cAMP-dependent protein kinase
    Na+依赖型葡萄糖转运体           Na+-dependent glucose transporter,SGLT
    胰蛋白酶            trypsin
    胰岛素          insulin
    胰岛素受体底物          insulin receptor substrate 
    胰高血糖素          glucagon
    胰脂酶          pancreatic lipase  
    遗传密码            genetic coden  
    遗传型          genotype
    遗传医学            genetic medicine   
    乙醇            ethanol
    乙酰CoA         aerobic oxidation
    乙酰CoA羧化酶          acetyl CoA carboxylase 
    N-乙酰半乳糖胺          " N-acetylgalactosamine, GalNAc
    N-乙酰谷氨酸           " N-acetyl glutamatic acid, AGA
    乙酰基转移酶            acetylase
    N-乙酰葡糖胺            " N-acetylglucosamine, GlcNAc
    N-乙酰神经氨酸          " N-acetylneuraminic acid, NeuAc
    乙酰乙酸            acetoacetate
    异二聚体            heterodimer
    异构酶类            isomerases
    异柠檬酸              isocitrate
    异柠檬酸脱氢            isocitrate dehydrogenase
    异戊巴比妥          amobarbital
    异戊烯焦磷酸            " △3-isopentenyl pyrophosphate, IPP
    异源双链            heteroduplex
    异质性          heterogeneity
    抑癌基因            " cancer suppressive gene,anti-oncogene
    抑制剂          inhibitor
    抑制型G蛋白            inhibitory G protein,Gi
    抑制性SMADs         inhibitory-SMAD,I-SMADs
    F因子           F factor
    引物            primer
    引物酶          primase
    隐性黄疸            jaundice occult
    RNA印迹         Northern blotting
    Southern印迹            Southern blotting  
    印迹技术            Blotting
    DNA印迹术           DNA blotting
    茚三酮反应          ninhydrin reaction 
    cAMP应答元件            cAMP response element
    cAMP应答元件结合蛋白            cAMP response element binding protein, CREB
    荧光报告分子            " reporter, R
    荧光淬灭分子            " Quencher, Q
    荧光活化细胞分离器          " fluorescence activated cell sorter, FACS
    营养价值            nutrition
    游离胆汁酸          free bile acid
    游离脂酸            " free fatty acid, FFA
    有丝分裂原激活蛋白激酶          mitogen-activated protein kinase  MAPK
    诱导剂          inducer
    诱导契合假说            induced-fit hypothesis
    诱导作用            induction
    诱饵            bait
    鱼藤酮          rotenone
    原癌基因            proto-oncogenes,pro-onc
    原卟啉IX            protoporphyrin IX
    原胶原          tropocollagen
    原位PCR         in situ PCR,  ISP
    原位杂交            in situ hybridization
    原纤蛋白            fibrillin
    圆二色光谱          circular dichroism,CD
     

    Z

    杂化核RNA           hetero-nuclear RNA, hn RNA
    杂化双链            hybrid duplex
    杂交              hybridization 
    载体蛋白            carrier protein
    载脂蛋白            apolipoprotein, apo
    增强子          enhancer
    增强子结合蛋白          enhancer binding protein
    增色效应            hyperchromic effect
    增殖细胞核抗原          proliferation cell nuclear antigen,PCNA
    粘结蛋白聚糖            syndecan
    粘性末端            cohesive end
    β-折叠         β-pleated sheet
    真核生物            eukaryote
    DNA阵列         DNA arrays
    整合            integration
    正超螺旋            positive supercoil
    正协同效应          positive cooperativity 
    脂蛋白          lipoprotein
    脂肪酶C         lipase C
    脂肪酸          fatty acids
    脂过氧化酶            lipoxygenase  
    脂类            lipids
    脂溶性维生素            lipid-soluble vitamin
    脂酰CoA合成酶          acyl-CoA synthetase
    脂酰CoA转移酶          acyl CoA transferase
    N-脂酰鞘氨醇            ceramide
    脂酰肉碱            acyl carnitine 
    脂质体转染          lipofectin transfection    
    直接胆红素          direct reacting bilirubin  
    直接选择法          direct selection   
    DNA指纹         fingerprint
    质粒                      plasmid
    致癌物   carcinogen
    中胆素原            mesobilirubinogen,i-urobilinogen
    中间体             intermediate 
    中心体          centromer  
    终止            termination
    终止密码            termination coden
    肿瘤基因组解剖工程          Cancer Genome Anatomy Project
    重排            rearrangement
    重症联合免疫缺陷综合症          Severe combined immunodeficiency disease,SCID
    DNA重组         DNA recombination  
    重组            recombination
    重组DNA技术            DNA recombination technique,recombinant DNA technology
    重组激活基因            recombination activating gene
    重组信号序列            recombination signal sequence, RSS
    重组修复            recombination repairing
    注册            registration
    爪蟾            xenopus laevis
    专一蛋白            speciallized protein
    专一性          specificity
    转氨基作用          transamination
    转氨酶             transaminase 
    转导作用            transduction
    转钴胺素II          transcobalamin II, TC II
    转化             transformation 
    转化生长因子β            transforming growth factor β 
    转换数          turnover number    
    转基因          transgene
    转基因动物          transgenic animal
    β-转角         β-turn
    转录后修饰            post-transcriptional modification 
    转录激活因子            transcription activators   
    转录空泡            transcription bubble   
    转录起始点          transcription start site
    转录起始前复合物            pre-initiation complex, PIC
    转录抑制因子            transcription inhibitors
    转录因子            transcriptional factors, TF
    转录组          transcriptome
    转录组学            transcriptomics
    转醛醇酶            transketolase
    转醛基酶            transaldolase
    转染            transfection
    转位            translocation  
    转位酶          translocase
    转移酶类              transferases  
    转运RNA         transfer RNA,tRNA
    转运蛋白            transporter
    转轴酶          swivelase
    转座            transposition
    转座酶          transposase
    转座重组            transpositional recombination
    转座子          transposons
    着色性干皮病            xeroderma pigmentosis,XP
    紫外吸收光密度值            optical density,OD
    紫外线          ultra violet,UV
    自发突变            spontaneous mutation   
    自分泌          autocrine
    自分泌信号          autocrine signal
    自然突变            spontaneous mutation
    自身激活作用            autocatalysis
    自身剪接            self splicing
    自身磷酸化          autophosphorylation
    自主复制序列            autonomous replication sequence,ARS
    纵列串联基因            tandem gene
    阻碍蛋白            arrestin
    阻遏蛋白            repressors
    阻遏剂          repressor
    阻遏作用            repression
    阻塞性黄疸          obstructive jaundice
    组氨酸          histidine
    组成性基因表达          constotutive gene expression
    组蛋白          histone,H
    组件            module
    组织蛋白酶          cathepsin
    组织特异性          tissue specificity
    组织因子            tissue factor, TF
    最大反应速度            maximum velocity
    最适pH          optimum pH 
    最适温度            optimum temperature
     
     
     
     
     
 
 

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