影响膜的成膜过程不仅仅是凝胶浴的组成，其温度以及膜液的组成都将对膜的形态、结构产生影响。在AFM的帮助下，通过对表面形态的观察，了解其成膜机理，以掌握其随条件变化的规律，制备出性能良好的膜。
3．AFM的应用前景
AFM在膜技术方面显示了强大的应用能力。无论在空气中或是液体环境中，AFM无需对膜进行任何可能破坏表面结构的预处理，就能生成高清晰度的膜表面图象。通过对膜表面形态、结构以及与颗粒间的相互作用力进行测定，使人们掌握膜的结构、形态与膜性能之间的关系，了解膜的抗污染程度，以及对成膜机理进行更深入的研究，推动膜科学技术的迅猛发展。
AFM是一项新技术，随着其不断地发展，在膜技术方面的应用将不断地被开发出来，而具有广泛的应用前景。
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Atomic Force Microscopy and its applications in membrane science
Bian Xiaokai Lu Xiaofeng Shi Liuqing
Shanghai Institute of Nuclear Research Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 201800
Abstract: With the development of science, the emergence of new equipment provides the novel methods for the research. Atomic force microscope is focused on in this article. The general principal of it is briefly outlined. And its applications in membrane science are also reviewed. Due to the highest resolution, the atomic force microscope has opened the new door for the study of the membrane surface.
Key words: atomic force microscope ; membrane science and technology ; application
