3前景和展望
Szittya 等[23]发现低温可通过抑制烟草和拟南芥 siRNAs的生成来抑制RNA沉默介导的防御反应。尽管RNA沉默的这一低温敏感特性限制了它在低温条件下的应用，然而，它却提出了或许温度是控制 RNA沉默诱导与否开关这一设想，同时也暗示RNA 沉默机制还有待进一步研究。

随着克隆在VIGS或hpRNA结构中基因的收集和近200 种植物表达序列标签(ESTs)在DNA数据库中的贮存，RNA沉默将有可能应用于更多植物功能基因研究中。基于RNA 沉默依赖于细胞生物学反应，故核苷酸序列的转变、点突变不能造成有价值的变异，从这一点来看，RNA 沉默不能完全替代传统的突变方法。在后基因组时代，对模式植物中 RNA沉默机制的深入研究，RNA沉默机制向绝大多数非模式植物延伸都将成为一个大的挑战。从基础生物学和商业的观点，尤其是从植物的进化和多样性方面来看，在分析基因功能方面，RNA 沉默必将显示出巨大的潜力。

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