The second special genotype is AB. People with AB blood are said to be universal recipients because they can receive blood from people with all four blood types. Since in AB blood both the A and B agglutinogens are presented on the surface of the red blood cells, the immune system of a person with AB blood views both of these molecules as part of itself -- not as something foreign. AB blood does not produce agglutinins against either the A or B agglutinogens, and therefore does not undergo agglutination when exposed to A, B, AB, or O blood.
血涂片的显微镜检查是血液细胞学检查的基本方法,应用极广.特别是对各种血液病的诊断有很大价值.但血片制备和染色不良 ,常使细胞鉴别发生困难,甚至导致错误结论.例如,血膜过厚细胞重叠缩小, 血膜太薄白细胞多集中于边缘;染色良好的血片是血液学检查主要基本技术之一.
瑞氏染色法原理
1. 瑞氏染料是由酸性染料伊红和碱性染料美蓝组成的复合染料。
美蓝(又名亚甲蓝mehylene blue)为四甲基硫堇染料,有对醌型和邻醌型两种结构,通常为氯盐,即氯化美蓝，美蓝容易氧化为一,二,三甲基硫堇等次级染料(即天青)市售美蓝中部份已被氧化为天青. 伊红(又名曙红cosin)通常为钠盐即伊红化钠。美蓝和伊红水溶液混合后产生一种憎液性胶体伊红化美蓝中性沉淀, 即瑞氏染料。瑞氏染料溶于甲醇后, 又重新解离为带正电的美蓝和带负电的伊红离子。
三、实验材料
1. 实验材料：医用采血针、酒精棉球、载玻片、血推片、消毒牙签
2. 实验试剂：瑞氏染液、抗B血清、抗A血清、生理盐水、蒸馏水
3. 仪器设备：Motic光学显微镜
